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Co-digestion of different waste mixtures from agro-industrial activities: Kinetic evaluation and synergetic effects
University of Borås, School of Engineering.
University of Borås, School of Engineering.
University of Borås, School of Engineering.
2011 (English)In: Bioresource Technology, ISSN 0960-8524, E-ISSN 1873-2976, Vol. 102, no 23, p. 10834-10840Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: Several wastes from agro-industrial activities were mixed in different ratios to evaluate the co-digestion process. Methane yield (YCH4), specific methanogenic activity (SMA) and a kinetic parameter (k0) were determined. A second feeding was also performed to examine the recovery of bacterial activity after exhaustion. Mixture ratios of 1:1:1:1 and 1:3:4:0.5 (w/w) showed the best performance, with YCH4 of 664; 582 NmL CH4/gVSsubstrate, as well as SMA of 0.12; 0.13 gCODNmLCH4/gVSinoculum/d, respectively, during the digestion of the first feed. It was possible to relate synergetic effects with enhancement in YCH4 by up to 43%, compared with values calculated from YCH4 of the individual substrates. All batches started up the biogas production after an exhaustion period, when a second feed was added. However, long lag phases (up to 21 days) were observed due to stressed conditions caused by the substrate limitation prior to the second feed.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV , 2011. Vol. 102, no 23, p. 10834-10840
Keywords [en]
agro-industrial waste streams, co-digestion, methane yield, specific methanogenic activity, kinetic evaluation
Keywords [sv]
Energi och material
National Category
Other Environmental Biotechnology
Research subject
Resource Recovery
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-3199DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.09.031Local ID: 2320/9535OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hb-3199DiVA, id: diva2:871296
Available from: 2015-11-13 Created: 2015-11-13 Last updated: 2018-08-17Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Biogas from slaughterhouse waste: Mixtures interactions in co-digestion
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Biogas from slaughterhouse waste: Mixtures interactions in co-digestion
2015 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Global environmental concerns connected to the use of fossil fuels have forced the development ofalternative sustainable energy technologies. The application of anaerobic digestion, from waste streams thatcurrently have no use, can be utilized for bioenergy production. Due to the high protein and fat content,slaughterhouse waste has a high potential for biogas production. However, potential inhibitory compoundscan be formed during the degradation of the proteins and lipids, which can make the process sensitive andprone to failure. One of the ways to overcome these problems is co-digestion with carbohydrate-rich cosubstratesi.e., a mixture of agro-wastes with low protein/lipid content. This also leads to a better nutritionalbalance and enhanced methane yield due to the positive mixture interactions.

In this study, four different waste fractions, i.e., solid cattle slaughterhouse waste (SB), manure (M),various crops (VC), and the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW) were investigated in monodigestionand co-digestion processes. Different mixture ratios were prepared, and the methane yield (YCH4),the specific methanogenic activity (SMA), and a kinetic parameter (k0) were determined using the batchdigestion assays at thermophilic conditions (55oC). The SB had a lower degradation rate and lower SMAcompared with those of the other samples. In order to investigate the effect of the temperature, a selectedmixture ratio was also digested at mesophilic conditions (37oC), which resulted in a decrease in YCH4 and inthe kinetic parameters, specific methane production rate (rsCH4), and k0, by up to 57% compared to thoseobtained at the thermophilic conditions. During the next part of the work, a four-factor mixture design wasapplied aiming to obtain possible synergetic or antagonistic effects. The performance of the process wasassessed using YCH4and rsCH4as the response variables. Mixing all four of the substrates resulted in a 31%increase in the YCH4compared to the expected yield calculated on the basis of the methane potential of theindividual fractions and 97% of the theoretical methane yield, clearly demonstrating a synergistic effect.Nevertheless, antagonistic interactions were also observed for certain mixtures. In order to maximize boththe response variables simultaneously, a response surface method was employed to find the optimalcombination for the substrate mixture.

The impact of the mixture interactions, obtained in the batch operation mode, was also evaluated undersemi-continuous co-digestion. Digestion of the SB as the sole substrate failed at an organic loading rate of0.9 gVS L-1d-1, while stable performance with higher loadings was observed for mixtures that displayedsynergy earlier during the batch experiments. The combination that showed the antagonistic effects resultedin unstable operation and poor representation of methanogens. It was proved that synergetic or antagonisticeffects observed in the batch mode could be correlated to the process performance, as well as to thedevelopment of the microbial community structure during the semi-continuous operation.

In the last part of the work, the response of the methanogenic biomass to the consecutive feeding applied inthe batch assays was evaluated regarding process parameters such as YCH4, SMA, and degradation kinetics.The objective was to examine whether there is a possibility to correlate these findings to the expectedprocess performance during the long-term operation. Digestion of the SB alone showed a total inhibitionafter the second feeding, which is in correlation with the failure observed during the semi-continuous mode.Furthermore, enhanced SMA was observed after the second feeding in those mixtures that showed synergyin the previous batch assays as well as a good process performance during the semi-continuous operation.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Borås: Högskolan i Borås, 2015
Series
Skrifter från Högskolan i Borås, ISSN 0280-381X ; 75
Keywords
Slaughterhouse waste, Agro-Waste, Co-digestion, Synergistic effects, Methanogenic community structure
National Category
Environmental Biotechnology
Research subject
Resource Recovery
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-847 (URN)978-91-87525-85-8 (ISBN)978-91-87525-86-5 (ISBN)
Public defence
2015-12-10, E310, Allégatan 1, Borås, 10:00 (English)
Available from: 2015-11-25 Created: 2015-10-02 Last updated: 2018-08-17Bibliographically approved

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Pagés Díaz, JhosanéLundin, MagnusSárvári Horváth, Ilona

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